QQQ vs VOO vs VTI: 1.7 Effective Funds
Held in equal weight, QQQ, VOO, VTI behave like 1.7 funds rather than 3. Every figure below is computed from the funds' current published holdings.
Three tickers, and the diversification of 1.7. Three funds sharing nothing would score 3.0; three identical funds score 1.0.
How the three compare
Where the duplication is
The combined figure above hides which pair is responsible. Each row is the overlap between two of the three, computed as Σ min(wA, wB).
| Pair | Overlap | |
|---|---|---|
| QQQ vs VOO | 54.5% | |
| QQQ vs VTI | 48.2% | |
| VOO vs VTI | 87.9% |
The most duplicated pair is VOO and VTI at 87.9%.
Held by all three
The ten largest of the positions that appear in QQQ, VOO, VTI together — 47.8% of a portfolio split equally between them, by the same min-sum rule.
| Holding | Smallest of the three weights |
|---|---|
| NVDA | 6.33% |
| AAPL | 5.85% |
| MSFT | 3.81% |
| AMZN | 3.17% |
| GOOGL | 2.88% |
| AVGO | 2.46% |
| GOOG | 2.27% |
| MU | 1.79% |
| META | 1.70% |
| TSLA | 1.63% |
Frequently asked
How much do QQQ, VOO, VTI overlap?
Held in equal weight, QQQ, VOO, VTI behave like 1.7 funds rather than 3. QQQ and VOO overlap 54.5%; QQQ and VTI overlap 48.2%; VOO and VTI overlap 87.9%. Each figure is the sum of the smaller weight in each fund over every holding both own.
Which two of QQQ, VOO, VTI are most alike?
VOO and VTI, at 87.9% by weight. That pair contributes most of the duplication in the combined figure above.
What does "1.7 Effective Funds" mean?
It is the number of genuinely independent funds this combination behaves like. Three funds sharing no holdings would score 3.0; three identical funds score 1.0. It is computed from the pairwise overlaps above, weighting each fund equally, and it is a measurement rather than a target — what counts as enough depends on what you were trying to do.
These are three funds. How many do you actually hold?
This page assumes an equal split between QQQ, VOO, VTI. Paste your real holdings — every account, in the proportions you actually own them — for your own Effective Funds number, the companies underneath, and what else is duplicated. Free, no account, nothing stored.
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Sources: issuer holdings files, QQQ as of 2026-07-23, VOO as of 2026-06-30, VTI as of 2026-06-30. Weights are fractions of each fund. Diagnostics, not advice.